Culture and history

Eswatini is one of the few African states that have preserved the monarchy, where the culture of the Swazi people remains the center of national identity.

Historical roots - the consolidation of clans under the rulers of the house of Dlamini; during the colonial period, the country was a British protectorate (as Swaziland), and gained independence in 1968; in 2018, King Mswati III returned the historical name "Eswatini."

SiSwati is the main language, next to English in the business sphere.

Key rites are the Inquala (festival of "first fruits" and renewal of power) and Umhlanga (Reed Festival), with dances, drums and traditional costumes; male sibhaka dances and female inkhwan are popular.

In everyday life, patterns of communal solidarity, the tinhundla system, the symbolic role of cattle, crafts (weaving, carving, fabrics) and "beehive" huts are noticeable.

Christianity coexists with traditional beliefs; the music scene combines choral polyphony, drum polyrhythms, and contemporary genres.

The culture of hospitality and festivals form the "living calendar" of the kingdom, attracting tourists and maintaining continuity.