History of gambling in Italy
Italy is one of the cradles of European gaming culture, from Venice card shops to modern digital platforms overseen by a government regulator. The national trajectory has gone from court entertainment and city lotteries to a complex, multi-layered industry with a rigid framework of responsibility and compliance.
1) Early centuries: city holidays, lotteries, cards
Renaissance and Baroque. In the Italian republics (Venice, Genoa, Florence), card games and draws flourish, tied to fairs and charitable goals of urban communes.
Genoese "lotto." Model of circulation by the choice of names/numbers, which became the prototype for European lotteries.
Coffee shops and salon culture. Cards and bones are part of city life: an "honor" dispute, symbolic bets, the first rules of etiquette.
2) Venice and "Ridotto": The Birth of a Public Casino
Ridotto di San Moisè (XVIII century) - one of the first institutionalized playgrounds under the supervision of the authorities. Here the "protocol" of the casino is formed: masks/costumes, card tables, credit from bankers, order control.
City as operator. Venice uses games to replenish the treasury: an early example of the link between leisure and fisk.
3) XIX century: unification and legal arcs
Savoy Italy. Gradual centralization of laws after the unification of the country (Risorgimento): local practices lead to a single order, the role of prefectures and the police is increasing.
Tourism and resorts. Liguria, Lombardy and the Alps develop "balneological" and ballroom seasons with play as part of the secular program.
4) XX century before the war: legal windows and prohibitions
Casino as a showcase resort. Sanremo and Lido di Venezia consolidate the image of the "European evening": orchestra, dinner, roulette, card salons.
Regulation pendulum. Periods of liberalization are followed by bans; the game is tolerated as an element of elite leisure and tourism.
5) Second world and post-war Italy: from survival to resilience
Post-war reconstruction. The cinema of the "golden age" picks up the images of casinos and lotteries as plot codes.
Casino icons:- Casino di Venezia is a symbol of historical continuity and architectural brilliance.
- Casino Sanremo is a Ligurian scene with a cultural program.
- Campione d'Italia is an exclave on Lake Lugano that survived the ups and pauses, which became a case of the relationship between economics and regulation.
- Sweepstakes and national lotteries. Regular circulations are formed, the habit of "little excitement" is created as part of everyday life.
6) The end of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century: massization through retail
AWP (Amusement With Prizes) и VLT (Video Lottery Terminals). A large-scale retail network of terminals appears: a bar, tobacco stores, service points.
Fiscal logic. The state builds a revenue model through licenses, excise taxes/taxes on GGR, control of operators and suppliers.
Responsibility and control. Age restrictions, requirements for risk labels, self-control mechanisms in VLT systems are introduced.
7) The online era: licensing and tough communication rules
Government oversight. Online casinos, betting and poker are allowed under licenses, RNG/live certification and strict KYC/AML are the norm.
Marketing under restrictions. Strict framework of advertising and sponsorship: neutral tone of communications, prohibition of romanticization of "easy money," emphasis on responsibility.
Payment rails. Bank cards, transfers, local solutions; payout speed and rule transparency are key to trust.
8) Culture and cinema: excitement as a metaphor for choice
Italian cinema loves the "little intrigue" of cards, roulette and sweepstakes as a dramatic tool: a question of fate, risk, temptation and measure.
Music and scene. Casino - a platform for evening programs and festivals (jazz, author's song), where the game is only part of the "elegant evening."
9) Social aspects and responsibilities
RG instruments. Limits of deposits/expenses/time, "cooling," self-exclusion, routing to help.
AML/CTF и KYC. From black cash desks and "gray" halls - to reporting, digital identification providers and transaction monitoring.
Social contract. Games are legal as long as transparency, protection of the vulnerable, honest conditions and control of external effects are observed.
10) Chronology (simplified)
XVII-XVIII centuries Venetian "ridotto": the proto-model of the casino under the auspices of the city.
XIX century. Unification of legislation, resort forms of leisure with elements of the game.
Early XX century Sanremo/Venice consolidate the format of resort casinos.
After 1945, the return of cultural infrastructure, expansion of lotteries and sweepstakes.
1990-2000s. AWP/VLT mass retail, control standards and fisk.
2010-2020s. Mature online marketplace under license, tighter advertising and stronger RG/AML.
11) Italy Today: A Layered "White" Market
Casino resorts are a tourist showcase and part of the event economy.
Lotteries and "scratchies" are a social-trust, low-stakes habit.
Betting and online casinos are a regulated digital segment with strong advertising restrictions and strict liability.
Technology and compliance are key to sustainability: anti-fraud, KYC, content auditing and UX with visible self-monitoring tools.
12) Lessons from Italian gambling history
1. Institutionalization trumps prohibitions. The city/state as the curator of the rules creates a balance of interests.
2. Culture and tourism reinforce the "evening." The casino works better as part of gastronomy, music and events, rather than as a separate "money motor."
3. Responsibility is the cornerstone. Without RG/AML, trust disappears, and with it, resilience.
4. Digitalization ≠ permissiveness. The online market survives on discipline: understandable payments, honest bonuses, protection against overheating.
Bottom line: The history of gambling in Italy is the path from Venetian masks and salons to a strict digital ecosystem with high standards of responsibility. The country retained the cultural aesthetic of an "elegant evening," adding transparency, licenses and technological protection for the player. It is in this bundle - tradition + regulation + UX - that the Italian specifics of gambling today lie.