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How Ethereum and Tron commissions work
The network fee is the fee for including your transaction in the block. In Ethereum and Tron, it works differently: in Ethereum you "burn" part of the board and tip the validator, in Tron you can pay not with money, but with resource limits that are mined by freezing TRX. Below is how it works and how to count the "real price" of translation.
1) Quick model overview
Ethereum (EVM L1, EIP-1559)
Any operation consumes gas (abstract "units of work").
Total price = 'gasUsed × (baseFee + priorityTip)'; ubi
base fee - dynamically changes, is burned (does not go to the validator);- priority tip - tip to the validator for priority;
maxFee/maxPriorityFee - your ceilings (the wallet will not pay more).
Tokens (ERC-20/721/1155) cause a contract → consume more gas than a native ETH translation.
Tron (TRX, TRC-20)
The network has two "resources": Bandwidth (band) and Energy (for executing smart contracts).
Simply sending TRX spends Bandwidth, and calling a contract (TRC-20 translation) - Energy (+ a little Bandwidth).
Resources are taken:1. from the free daily quota, 2. from TRX freeze resources, 3. or through TRX burning (if there are not enough resources).
Therefore, TRC-20 can be done almost free of charge with sufficient freezing, and without it, TRXs are written off.
2) What exactly consumes "work"
Ethereum - typical gas costs (approximate):- ETH translation: ~ 21,000 gas.
- ERC-20 translation: ~ 45,000-80,000 gas (depends on contract/optimizations).
- Interaction with DEX/bridges/NFT: from 100k to 300k + gas.
- TRX transfer: spends Bandwidth (usually covered by a free quota/freeze).
- Translation TRC-20: requires Energy (the value depends on the token contract) + a little Bandwidth.
- Account/contract creation: separate costs, also through resources or burning TRX.
3) How to calculate the commission "on your fingers"
Ethereum
1. The wallet shows' baseFee'and the recommended' priorityTip '.
2. Rate the gas limit (the wallet will substitute an approximate one).
3. The formula is rough: 'cost = gasUsed × (baseFee + tip)' in ETH.
4. Recalculation to fiat = multiply by the ETH rate.
Example (conditional):- Translation ERC-20: 60,000 gas, 'baseFee = 20 gwei', 'tip = 1 gwei'.
- Price: 60,000 × 21 gwei = 1,260,000 gwei = 0. 00126 ETH.
Tron
1. See if Bandwidth/Energy (in the purse/scan of the network) is enough.
2. If resources are low, the network will write off the TRX.
3. For TRC-20, look at "Energy used by txn" in the token explorer - estimate the future spend.
Example (conditional):- TRC-20 transfer requires 30,000 Energy.
- You have 20,000 Energy after freezing → 10,000 is missing → the network will write off the required amount of TRX at the current "rate" of energy (built-in network formula).
4) Why the commission is "galloping"
Demand for block space (Ethereum): airdrops/mints/events raise base fee.
Contract congestion: Complex operations consume more gas/energy.
Resource policy (Tron): if the TRX freeze is low for most - more people burn TRX, the visible "money" expense increases.
5) L2 and "cheap networks": when it is profitable to leave L1
EVM-L2 (Arbitrum/Optimism/Base/Polygon): stablecoin translations are usually orders of magnitude cheaper than on Ethereum L1.
Tron: already cheap for stables, if you are satisfied with the ecosystem and offramp.
Practice: if the recipient supports multiple networks, choose L2/Tron for frequent micro-transfers, and L1 for large and "max-compatibility."
6) How to save on fees
В Ethereum
Send in "quiet hours" (below base fee).
Put an adequate maxPriorityFee, do not "overpay" for tips.
Avoid unnecessary operations with contracts (less approve/revok).
For frequent micro-transfers - L2.
For BTC games - consider Lightning (if relevant to your case).
At Tron
Freeze TRX for Bandwidth/Energy - will reduce/zero "cash" charges.
Split large series of translations to fit into the free quota/accumulated resources.
Check how much Energy consumes a particular TRC-20 contract (they are different).
7) Frequent misconceptions and traps
"ERC-20 = always 21k gas." No, it isn't. 21k is the minimum ETH native translation price. Tokens are more expensive.
"It's always free at Tron." Free - while Bandwidth/Energy is enough. Otherwise, TRXs are decommissioned.
"Switching networks is not important." Important: ETH (L1) vs L2 vs Tron - different cost orders and UX.
"Approve forever - convenient." It is convenient for cybercriminals for your future "gas" revok. Set limits.
"The bridge is always profitable." Avoid unnecessary bridges: it is often cheaper to make a swap inside the exchange and bring it immediately to the desired network.
8) Practical scenarios
Frequent deposits of stablecoins: Tron or EVM-L2 (Arbitrum/Optimism/Base/Polygon).
Large translation, max compatibility: Ethereum L1 (if the recipient does not support L2/Tron).
TRC-20 without costs: freeze TRX in advance → dial Energy → send from "resources," not "money."
ERC-20 is cheap: use L2, and input/output through the exchange in the desired network, so as not to bridge the onchain.
9) Checklist before shipment
- Confirmed asset and receiver network (ERC-20 L1, Arbitrum, Tron, etc.).
- In Ethereum I looked at the base fee and the gas score (wallet/explorer).
- At Tron checked Bandwidth/Energy in the wallet; if necessary, it froze TRX.
- For tokens, I took into account that transferring a contract is more expensive than a native one.
- If there is a choice, I chose L2/Tron to save.
- For XRP/XLM/BEP2/EOS (if suddenly) - did not forget Memo/Tag.
- For large amounts made a test transfer of $5- $20.
10) Mini-FAQ
Why is my ERC-20 transfer more expensive than ETH?
Because this is a challenge to the smart token contract - it consumes more gas than the "bare" ETH translation.
Can TRC-20 translation be done for free?
Yes, if there is enough Energy/Bandwidth received from the free quota and/or TRX freeze. Otherwise, TRX will be written off.
Is L2 always cheaper than Ethereum L1?
Almost always - yes. But check the recipient's network support and your exchange's withdrawal fee.
What to choose for frequent micropayments: Tron or L2?
Both options are cheap. The choice depends on the recipient's ecosystem, offramp and familiar tools.
Does the TRX freeze "freeze" my money?
Yes, but they can be thawed after a given period. During this time, you save on costs (get resources).
In Ethereum, the commission = gas × (base fee + tip), in Tron - these are resources (Bandwidth/Energy) or burning TRX when they are scarce. Native transfers are cheaper than tokens, and network loading directly affects the final price. Save easy: check current fees, use L2 or Tron for frequent transactions, limit approve and (at Tron) freeze TRX for resources. So you will pay what you need, and not "how much it turned out."